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Research: Elevated proBNP levels are associated with disease severity, cardiac dysfunction, and mortality in congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Updated on 3 min read

J Pediatr Surg

. 2021 Feb 24;S0022-3468(21)00176-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.02.042. Online ahead of print. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33745747/

Elevated proBNP levels are associated with disease severity, cardiac dysfunction, and mortality in congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Vikas S Gupta 1, Neil Patel 2, Florian Kipfmueller 3, Pamela A Lally 4, Kevin P Lally 4, Matthew T Harting 4Affiliations expand

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Abstract

Background: Cardiac dysfunction is a key determinant of outcome in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Pro-b-type natriuretic peptide (proBNP) is used as a prognosticator in heart failure and cardiomyopathy. We hypothesized that proBNP levels would be associated with ventricular dysfunction and high-risk disease in CDH.

Methods: Patients in the CDH Study Group (CDHSG) from 2015-2019 with at least one proBNP value were included. Ventricular function was determined using echocardiograms from the first 48 h of life.

Results: A total of 2,337 patients were identified, and 212 (9%) had at least one proBNP value. Of those, 3 (1.5%) patients had CDHSG stage A defects, 58 (29.6%) B, 111 (56.6%) C, and 24 (12.2%) D. Patients with high-risk defects (Stage C/D) had higher proBNP compared with low-risk defects (Stage A/B) (14,281 vs. 5,025, p = 0.007). ProBNP was significantly elevated in patients who died (median 14,100, IQR 4,377-22,900 vs 4,911, IQR 1,883-9,810) (p<0.001). Ventricular dysfunction was associated with higher proBNP than normal ventricular function (8,379 vs. 4,778, p = 0.005). No proBNP value was both sensitive and specific for ventricular dysfunction (AUC=0.61).

Conclusion: Among CDH patients, elevated proBNP was associated with high-risk defects, ventricular dysfunction, and mortality. ProBNP shows promise as a biomarker in CDH-associated cardiac dysfunction.

Keywords: CDH study group; Cardiac dysfunction; Congenital diaphragmatic hernia; Pulmonary hypertension; Registry; proBNP Biomarkers.

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