J Pediatr Surg. 2020 Feb 14. pii: S0022-3468(20)30065-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.01.026. [Epub ahead of print] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32067809
The development of multiorgan dysfunction in CDH-ECMO neonates is associated with the level of pre-ECMO support.
Delaplain PT1, Ehwerhemuepha L2, Nguyen DV3, Di Nardo M4, Jancelewicz T5, Awan S6, Yu PT6, Guner YS6; ELSO CDH Interest Group.
Author information
Abstract
PURPOSE:
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is the most common indication for neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), but mortality remains at 50%. Multiorgan failure can occur in 25% and has been linked to worse outcomes. We sought to examine the factors that would increase the risk of multiorgan dysfunction (MOD).
METHODS:
The Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) database was used to identify infants with CDH (2000-2015). The primary outcome was MOD, which was defined as the presence of organ failure in ≥2 organ systems. We used a multivariable logistic regression to examine the effect of demographics, pre-ECMO respiratory status, comorbidities, and therapies on MOD.
RESULTS:
There were a total of 4374 CDH infants who were treated with ECMO. Overall mortality was 52.4%. The risk models demonstrated that pre-ECMO cardiac arrest (OR 1.458, CI: 1.146-1.861, p = 0.002) and hand-bagging (OR 1.461, CI: 1.094-1.963, p = 0.032) had the strongest association with MOD. In addition, other pre-ECMO indicators of disease severity (pH, HFOV, MAP, 5-min APGAR) and pre-ECMO therapies (bicarb, neuromuscular [NM] blockers) were also associated with MOD.
CONCLUSIONS:
The level of pre-ECMO support has a significant association with the development of MOD, and initiation of ECMO prior to arrest seems to be critical to avoid complications.
TYPE OF STUDY:
Treatment study.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Level III.
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS:
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia; Extracorporeal life support (ECLS); Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); Multisystem organ failurePMID: 32067809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.01.026
