Prenat Diagn

. 2021 Jun 15. doi: 10.1002/pd.5988. Online ahead of print. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34132402/

Impact of fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and moderate lung hypoplasia

Rogelio Cruz-Martínez ^1 2, Sherif Shazly ¹, Miguel Martínez-Rodríguez ¹, Alma Gámez-Varela ¹, Jonahtan Luna-García ¹, Israel Juárez-Martínez ¹, Hugo López-Briones ¹, Fausto Coronel-Cruz ³, Rosa Villalobos-Gómez ¹, Daniel Ibarra-Rios ⁴, Ricardo Ordorica-Flores ⁵, Jaime Nieto-Zermeño ⁵Affiliations expand

• PMID: 34132402
• DOI: 10.1002/pd.5988

Abstract

Objective: To assess the effect of Fetal Endoscopic Tracheal Occlusion (FETO) on neonatal survival in fetuses with left congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and moderate lung hypoplasia.

Study design: CDH fetuses with moderate pulmonary hypoplasia (observed/expected lung area to head ratio between 26% and 35%, or between 36% and 45% with liver herniation) were prospectively recruited. Included patients were matched to a control group who were ineligible for FETO. Primary outcomes were survival at 28 days, at discharge, and at 6 months of age, respectively.

Results: 58 cases were recruited, 29 treated with FETO and 29 matched controls. Median gestational age (GA) at balloon placement and removal were 29.6 and 33.6 weeks, respectively. FETO group showed significantly lower GA at delivery (35.2 vs. 37.1 weeks, respectively, p < 0.01), higher survival at 28 days (51.7 vs. 24.1%, respectively, p = 0.03), at discharge (48.3 vs. 24.1%, respectively, p = 0.06), and at six months of age (41.4 vs. 24.1%, respectively, p = 0.16), and significantly lower length of ventilatory support (17.8 vs. 32.3 days, p = 0.01) and NICU stay (34.2 vs. 58.3 days, p = <0.01) compared to controls.

Conclusion: FETO was associated with a non-significant increase in survival and significantly lower neonatal respiratory morbidity among CDH fetuses with moderate lung hypoplasia.

© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.